how does glp-1 reduce inflammation Anti-inflammatory role of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and its clinical implications Anti-inflammatory properties of GLP-1 receptor

10.1056/NEJMoa2028395 96 NietoL

J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1986) 63:4928

1).29,32 With respect to the vascular system, rGLP-1 activation induces modest decreases in blood pressure,33,34 it has a vasodilator effect, improves arterial stiffness, and prevents atherosclerotic plaque formation-and has plaque stabilizing effects-through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as demonstrated in animal models.29,32,3538 Despite controversies about rGLP-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, studies have shown that arGLP-1 has antiproliferative effects on these cells,39 reduces oxidative stress, improves endothelial function, and increases nitric oxide production in experimental models.3540 In the heart they produce a discrete increase in heart rate (24 beats/min), although this does not seem to be associated with an increase in arrhythmias or cardiovascular events

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The skin's barrier prevents these molecules from reaching therapeutic levels in the bloodstream without advanced delivery technology not present in consumer patches

The BMI % estimates were set to missing for participants who did not pass quality control